Trupanion Reports Fourth Quarter & Full Year 2025 Results

Trupanion Reports Fourth Quarter & Full Year 2025 Results Trupanion Reports Fourth Quarter & Full Year 2025 Results GlobeNewswire February 12, 2026

SEATTLE, Feb. 12, 2026 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Trupanion, Inc. (Nasdaq: TRUP), a leading provider of medical insurance for cats and dogs, today announced financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2025.

“Since 2021, we’ve delivered more than $500 million in discretionary profit, growing at a 22% CAGR, including over $150 million last year alone,” said Margi Tooth, Chief Executive Officer and President of Trupanion. “In 2025, we achieved our 15% annual margin target, while increasing subscription revenue and reinvesting record profits to drive four straight quarters of higher retention and accelerating gross pet adds. We’re poised to advance confidently into our next strategic plan.”

Revenue chart

Fourth Quarter 2025 Financial and Business Highlights

Full Year 2025 Financial and Business Highlights

Conference Call
Trupanion’s management will host a conference call today to review its fourth quarter and full year 2025 results. The call is scheduled to begin shortly after 1:30 p.m. PT/ 4:30 p.m. ET. A live webcast will be accessible through the Investor Relations section of Trupanion’s website at https://investors.trupanion.com/ and will be archived online for 3 months upon completion of the conference call. Participants can access the conference call by dialing 1-844-676-1342 (United States) or 1-412-634-6683 (International). A telephonic replay of the call will also be available after the completion of the call, by dialing 1-844-512-2921 (United States) or 1-412-317-6671 (International) and entering the replay pin number: 10204830.

About Trupanion
Trupanion is a leader in medical insurance for cats and dogs throughout the United States, Canada, and certain countries in Continental Europe with over 1,000,000 pets currently enrolled. For over two decades, Trupanion has given pet owners peace of mind so they can focus on their pet's recovery, not financial stress. Trupanion is committed to providing pet parents with the highest value in pet medical insurance with unlimited payouts on eligible expenses for the life of their pets. With its patented process, Trupanion is the only North American provider with the technology to pay veterinarians directly in seconds at the time of checkout. Trupanion is listed on NASDAQ under the symbol "TRUP". The company was founded in 2000 and is headquartered in Seattle, WA. Trupanion policies are issued, in the United States, by its wholly-owned insurance entity American Pet Insurance Company or ZPIC Insurance Company and, in Canada, by its wholly-owned insurance entity GPIC Insurance Company or by Accelerant Insurance Company of Canada. Policies are sold and administered in Canada by Canada Pet Health Insurance Services, Inc. dba Trupanion and in the United States by Trupanion Managers USA, Inc. (CA license No. 0G22803, NPN 9588590). Canada Pet Health Insurance Services, Inc. is a registered damage insurance agency and claims adjuster in Quebec #603927. For more information, please visit trupanion.com.

Forward-Looking Statements
This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 relating to, among other things, expectations, plans, prospects and financial results for Trupanion, including, but not limited to, its expectations regarding its ability to continue to grow its enrollments and revenue, and otherwise execute its business plan. These forward-looking statements are based upon the current expectations and beliefs of Trupanion’s management as of the date of this press release, and are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. All forward-looking statements made in this press release are based on information available to Trupanion as of the date hereof, and Trupanion has no obligation to update these forward-looking statements.

In particular, the following factors, among others, could cause results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements: the ability to achieve or maintain profitability and/or appropriate levels of cash flow in future periods; the ability to keep growing our membership base and revenue; the accuracy of assumptions used in determining appropriate member acquisition expenditures; the severity and frequency of claims; the ability to maintain high retention rates; the accuracy of assumptions used in pricing medical plan subscriptions and the ability to accurately estimate the impact of new products or offerings on claims frequency; actual claims expense exceeding estimates; regulatory and other constraints on the ability to institute, or the decision to otherwise delay, pricing modifications in response to changes in actual or estimated claims expense; the effectiveness and statutory or regulatory compliance of our Territory Partner model and of our Territory Partners, veterinarians and other third parties in recommending medical plan subscriptions to potential members; the ability to retain existing Territory Partners and increase the number of Territory Partners and active hospitals; compliance by us and those referring us members with laws and regulations that apply to our business, including the sale of a pet medical plan; the ability to maintain the security of our data; fluctuations in currency exchange rates; the ability to protect our proprietary and member information; the ability to maintain our culture and team; the ability to maintain the requisite amount of risk-based capital; our ability to implement and maintain effective controls; the ability to protect and enforce Trupanion’s intellectual property rights; the ability to successfully implement our alliance with Aflac; the ability to continue key contractual relationships with third parties; third-party claims including litigation and regulatory actions; the ability to recognize benefits from investments in new solutions and enhancements to Trupanion’s technology platform and website; our ability to retain key personnel; and deliberations and determinations by the Trupanion board based on the future performance of the company or otherwise.

For a detailed discussion of these and other cautionary statements, please refer to the risk factors discussed in filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), including but not limited to, Trupanion’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 and any subsequently filed reports on Forms 10-Q, 10-K and 8-K. All documents are available through the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering Analysis and Retrieval system at https://www.sec.gov or the Investor Relations section of Trupanion’s website at https://investors.trupanion.com.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Trupanion’s stated results include certain non-GAAP financial measures. These non-GAAP financial measures may not provide information that is directly comparable to that provided by other companies in its industry as other companies in its industry may calculate or use non-GAAP financial measures differently. In addition, there are limitations in using non-GAAP financial measures because the non-GAAP financial measures are not prepared in accordance with GAAP, may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies and exclude expenses that may have a material impact on Trupanion’s reported financial results. The presentation and utilization of non-GAAP financial measures is not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the directly comparable financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. Trupanion urges its investors to review the reconciliation of its non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures in its consolidated financial statements, and not to rely on any single financial or operating measure to evaluate its business. These reconciliations are included below and on Trupanion’s Investor Relations website.

Because of varying available valuation methodologies, subjective assumptions and the variety of equity instruments that can impact a company’s non-cash expenses, Trupanion believes that providing various non-GAAP financial measures that exclude stock-based compensation expense and depreciation and amortization expense allows for more meaningful comparisons between its operating results from period to period. Trupanion offsets new pet acquisition expense with sign-up fee revenue in the calculation of net acquisition cost because it collects sign-up fee revenue from new members at the time of enrollment and considers it to be an offset to a portion of Trupanion’s new pet acquisition expense. Trupanion believes this allows it to calculate and present financial measures in a consistent manner across periods. Trupanion’s management believes that the non-GAAP financial measures and the related financial measures derived from them are important tools for financial and operational decision-making and for evaluating operating results over different periods of time.

Trupanion, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except share data)
 Three Months Ended
December 31,
 Year Ended
December 31,
  2025   2024   2025   2024 
 (unaudited)
Revenue:       
Subscription business$261,422  $227,783  $989,338  $856,521 
Other business 115,431   109,524   449,967   429,163 
Total revenue 376,853   337,307   1,439,305   1,285,684 
Cost of revenue:       
Subscription business(1) 204,782   181,614   790,880   706,851 
Other business 107,044   102,770   417,414   400,035 
Total cost of revenue(1), (2) 311,826   284,384   1,208,294   1,106,886 
Operating expenses:       
Technology and development(1) 11,303   8,172   37,848   31,255 
General and administrative(1) 18,323   16,828   76,648   63,731 
Sales and marketing(1) 23,103   18,354   85,408   71,379 
Goodwill impairment charges 1,129   5,299   1,129   5,299 
Depreciation and amortization 4,032   3,924   15,836   16,466 
Total operating expenses 57,890   52,577   216,869   188,130 
Gain (loss) from investment in joint venture    2   (305)  (182)
Operating income (loss) 7,137   348   13,837   (9,514)
Interest expense 4,076   3,427   13,759   14,498 
Other (income), net (3,232)  (4,773)  (21,916)  (14,374)
Income (loss) before income taxes 6,293   1,694   21,994   (9,638)
Income tax expense (benefit) 663   38   2,561   (5)
Net income (loss)$5,630  $1,656  $19,433  $(9,633)
        
Net income (loss) per share:       
Basic$0.13  $0.04  $0.45  $(0.23)
Diluted$0.13  $0.04  $0.45  $(0.23)
Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:       
Basic 42,281,757   42,402,323   42,958,654   42,158,773 
Diluted 43,572,375   42,903,536   43,555,884   42,158,773 


(1)Includes stock-based compensation expense as follows:
Three Months Ended
December 31,

 Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
 2025
 2024
 2025
 2024
 
Veterinary invoice expense$620 $677 $2,841 $3,460 
Other cost of revenue 605  585  2,284  2,063 
Technology and development 1,710  1,705  6,036  7,279 
General and administrative 5,025  4,971  19,571  4,934 
New pet acquisition expense 1,567  1,561  7,580  15,696 
Total stock-based compensation expense$9,527 $9,499 $38,312 $33,432 
         
(2)The breakout of cost of revenue between veterinary invoice expense and other cost of revenue is as follows: 
 Three Months Ended
December 31,
 Year Ended
December 31,
 
 2025
 2024
 2025
 2024
 
Veterinary invoice expense$262,818 $245,663 $1,028,975 $949,148 
Other cost of revenue 49,008  38,721  179,319  157,738 
Total cost of revenue$311,826 $284,384 $1,208,294 $1,106,886 


Trupanion, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share data)
 December 31,
2025
 December 31,
2024
 (unaudited)  
Assets   
Current assets:   
Cash and cash equivalents$138,024  $160,295 
Short-term investments 232,706   147,089 
Accounts and other receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,311 at December 31, 2025 and $1,117 at December 31, 2024 301,945   274,031 
Prepaid expenses and other assets 18,387   15,912 
Total current assets 691,062   597,327 
Restricted cash 33,434   39,235 
Long-term investments 983   373 
Property, equipment, and internal-use software, net 104,844   102,191 
Other long-term assets 21,237   17,579 
Intangible assets, net 24,102   13,177 
Goodwill 39,382   36,971 
Total assets$915,044  $806,853 
Liabilities and stockholders’ equity   
Current liabilities:   
Accounts payable$16,445  $11,532 
Accrued liabilities and other current liabilities 56,509   33,469 
Reserve for veterinary invoices 55,921   51,635 
Deferred revenue 270,935   251,640 
Long-term debt - current portion 10,000   1,350 
Total current liabilities 409,810   349,626 
Long-term debt 101,784   127,537 
Deferred tax liabilities 1,510   1,946 
Other liabilities 18,004   4,476 
Total liabilities 531,108   483,585 
Stockholders’ equity:   
Common stock: $0.00001 par value per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized; 44,430,267 and 43,402,081 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2025; 43,516,631 and 42,488,455 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2024     
Preferred stock: $0.00001 par value per share, 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding     
Additional paid-in capital 604,828   568,302 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 2,097   (2,612)
Accumulated deficit (206,455)  (225,888)
Treasury stock, at cost: 1,028,186 shares at December 31, 2025 and 2024 (16,534)  (16,534)
Total stockholders’ equity 383,936   323,268 
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$915,044  $806,853 


Trupanion, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)
 Three Months Ended
December 31,
 Year Ended
December 31,
  2025   2024   2025   2024 
 (unaudited)
Operating activities       
Net income (loss)$5,631  $1,656  $19,433  $(9,633)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided by operating activities:       
Depreciation and amortization 4,032   3,924   15,836   16,466 
Stock-based compensation expense 9,527   8,294   38,312   33,432 
Realized gain on nonmonetary exchange of preferred stock investment       (7,783)   
Goodwill impairment charges 1,129   5,299   1,129   5,299 
Other, net 934   (1,294)  2,097   (1,748)
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:       
Accounts and other receivables 715   15,303   (27,211)  (6,717)
Prepaid expenses and other assets (626)  817   (1,166)  3,215 
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities, and other liabilities 15,012   2,433   26,029   2,084 
Reserve for veterinary invoices 1,898   (4,841)  4,133   (11,310)
Deferred revenue (8,989)  (7,890)  18,679   17,199 
Net cash provided by operating activities 29,263   23,701   89,488   48,287 
Investing activities       
Purchases of investment securities (73,011)  (26,118)  (256,031)  (133,493)
Maturities and sales of investment securities 34,782   45,886   172,609   127,653 
Purchases of property, equipment, and internal-use software (3,923)  (1,858)  (14,129)  (9,716)
Other 26   548   1,664   2,099 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (42,126)  18,458   (95,887)  (13,457)
Financing activities       
Proceeds from debt financing, net of financing fees 114,208      114,208    
Repayment of debt financing (118,725)  (338)  (134,438)  (1,350)
Proceeds from exercise of stock options 287   36   1,694   752 
Shares withheld to satisfy tax withholding (845)  (1,142)  (3,712)  (2,519)
Other    (230)  (614)  (840)
Net cash used in financing activities (5,075)  (1,674)  (22,862)  (3,957)
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, net 487   (1,826)  1,189   (1,877)
Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash (17,451)  38,659   (28,072)  28,996 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period 188,909   160,871   199,530   170,464 
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period$171,458  $199,530  $171,458  $199,530 


The following tables set forth our key operating metrics.
                
 Year Ended December 31,            
  2025   2024             
Total Business:               
Total pets enrolled (at period end) 1,647,565   1,677,570             
Subscription Business:               
Total subscription pets enrolled (at period end) 1,096,173   1,041,212             
Monthly average revenue per pet$80.79  $72.98             
Average pet acquisition cost (PAC)$288  $235             
Average monthly retention 98.34%  98.25%            
                
                
 Three Months Ended
 Dec. 31, 2025 Sept. 30, 2025 Jun. 30, 2025 Mar. 31, 2025 Dec. 31, 2024 Sept. 30, 2024 Jun. 30, 2024 Mar. 31, 2024
Total Business:               
Total pets enrolled (at period end) 1,647,565   1,654,414   1,660,455   1,667,637   1,677,570   1,688,903   1,699,643   1,708,017 
Subscription Business:               
Total subscription pets enrolled (at period end) 1,096,173   1,082,412   1,066,354   1,052,845   1,041,212   1,032,042   1,020,934   1,006,168 
Monthly average revenue per pet$83.56  $82.01  $79.93  $77.53  $76.02  $74.27  $71.72  $69.79 
Average pet acquisition cost (PAC)$320  $290  $276  $267  $261  $243  $231  $207 
Average monthly retention 98.34%  98.33%  98.29%  98.28%  98.25%  98.29%  98.34%  98.41%


The following table reflects the reconciliation of cash provided by operating activities to free cash flow (in thousands):
        
 Three Months Ended
December 31,
 Year Ended
December 31,
  2025   2024   2025   2024 
Net cash provided by operating activities$29,263  $23,701  $89,488  $48,287 
Purchases of property and equipment (3,923)  (1,858)  (14,129)  (9,716)
Free cash flow$25,340  $21,843  $75,359  $38,571 


The following table reflects the reconciliation between GAAP and non-GAAP measures (in thousands except percentages):
  Three Months Ended
December 31,
 Year Ended
December 31,
   2025   2024   2025   2024 
Veterinary invoice expense $262,818  $245,663  $1,028,975  $949,148 
Less:        
Stock-based compensation expense(1)  (614)  (800)  (2,802)  (3,335)
Other business cost of paying veterinary invoices(2)  (81,452)  (85,378)  (328,821)  (324,720)
Subscription cost of paying veterinary invoices (non-GAAP) $180,752  $159,485  $697,352  $621,093 
% of subscription revenue  69.1%  70.0%  70.5%  72.5%
         
Other cost of revenue $49,008  $38,721  $179,319  $157,738 
Less:        
Stock-based compensation expense(1)  (600)  (476)  (2,260)  (1,955)
Other business variable expenses(2)  (25,589)  (17,336)  (88,558)  (75,050)
Subscription variable expenses (non-GAAP) $22,819  $20,909  $88,501  $80,733 
% of subscription revenue  8.7%  9.2%  8.9%  9.4%
         
Technology and development expense $11,303  $8,172  $37,848  $31,255 
General and administrative expense  18,323   16,828   76,648   63,731 
Less:        
Stock-based compensation expense(1)  (6,617)  (5,277)  (24,958)  (19,742)
Goodwill impairment charges        
Development expenses(3)  (1,798)  (1,322)  (5,349)  (5,624)
Fixed expenses (non-GAAP) $21,211  $18,401  $84,189  $69,620 
% of total revenue  5.6%  5.5%  5.8%  5.4%
         
New pet acquisition expense $23,103  $18,354  $85,408  $71,379 
Less:        
Stock-based compensation expense(1)  (1,530)  (1,482)  (7,446)  (6,908)
Other business pet acquisition expense(2)  (8)  (8)  (90)  (39)
Subscription acquisition cost (non-GAAP) $21,565  $16,864  $77,872  $64,432 
% of subscription revenue  8.2%  7.4%  7.9%  7.5%
         
(1)Trupanion employees may elect to take restricted stock units in lieu of cash payment for their bonuses. We account for such expense as stock-based compensation in accordance with GAAP, but we do not include it in any non-GAAP adjustments. Stock-based compensation associated with bonuses was approximately $0.2 million and $0.8 million for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and $0.3 million and $1.5 million for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2024.
(2)Excludes the portion of stock-based compensation expense attributable to the other business segment.
(3)Consists of Costs related to product exploration and development that are pre-revenue and historically have been insignificant


The following table reflects the reconciliation of GAAP measures to non-GAAP measures (in thousands, except percentages):
 Three Months Ended
December 31,
 Year Ended
December 31,
  2025   2024   2025   2024 
Operating income (loss)$7,137  $348  $13,837  $(9,514)
Non-GAAP expense adjustments       
Acquisition cost 21,573   16,872   77,962   64,471 
Stock-based compensation expense(1) 9,361   8,035   37,466   31,940 
Development expenses(2) 1,798   1,322   5,349   5,624 
Depreciation and amortization 4,032   3,924   15,836   16,466 
Goodwill impairment charges 1,129   5,299   1,129   5,299 
Gain (loss) from investment in joint venture    2   (305)  (182)
Total adjusted operating income (non-GAAP)$45,030  $35,798  $151,884  $114,468 
        
Subscription Business:       
Subscription operating income (loss)$9,068  $2,955  $22,473  $(1,118)
Non-GAAP expense adjustments       
Acquisition cost 21,656   16,864   77,872   64,432 
Stock-based compensation expense(1) 7,330   6,263   29,580   24,985 
Development expenses(2) 1,248   893   3,677   3,745 
Depreciation and amortization 2,797   2,650   10,885   10,970 
Goodwill impairment charges 1,129   5,299   1,129   5,299 
Subscription adjusted operating income (non-GAAP)$43,137  $34,964  $145,616  $108,313 
        
Other Business:       
Other business operating loss$(1,931) $(2,649) $(8,331) $(8,214)
Non-GAAP expense adjustments       
Acquisition cost$8  $8  $90  $39 
Stock-based compensation expense(1) 2,031   1,772   7,886   6,955 
Development expenses(2) 550   429   1,672   1,879 
Depreciation and amortization 1,235   1,274   4,951   5,496 
Other business adjusted operating income (non-GAAP)$1,893  $834  $6,268  $6,155 
        
(1)Trupanion employees may elect to take restricted stock units in lieu of cash payment for their bonuses. We account for such expense as stock-based compensation in accordance with GAAP, but we do not include it in any non-GAAP adjustments. Stock-based compensation associated with bonuses was approximately $0.2 million and $0.8 million for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and $0.3 million and $1.5 million for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2024.
(2)Consists of costs related to product exploration and development that are pre-revenue and historically have been insignificant.


The following table reflects the reconciliation of GAAP measures to non-GAAP measures (in thousands, except percentages): 
 Three Months Ended
December 31,

 Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2025   2024   2025   2024  
Subscription revenue$261,422  $227,783  $989,338  $856,521  
Subscription cost of paying veterinary invoices 180,752   159,485   697,352   621,093  
Subscription variable expenses 22,819   20,909   88,501   80,733  
Subscription fixed expenses* 14,714   12,425   57,869   46,382  
Subscription adjusted operating income (non-GAAP)$43,137  $34,964  $145,616  $108,313  
Other business revenue 115,431   109,524   449,967   429,163  
Other business cost of paying veterinary invoices 81,452   85,378   328,821   324,720  
Other business variable expenses 25,589   17,336   88,558   75,050  
Other business fixed expenses* 6,497   5,976   26,320   23,238  
Other business adjusted operating income (non-GAAP)$1,893  $834  $6,268  $6,155  
Revenue 376,853   337,307   1,439,305   1,285,684  
Cost of paying veterinary invoices 262,204   244,863   1,026,173   945,813  
Variable expenses 48,408   38,245   177,059   155,783  
Fixed expenses* 21,211   18,401   84,189   69,620  
Total business adjusted operating income (non-GAAP)$45,030  $35,798  $151,884  $114,468  
         
As a percentage of revenue:
Three Months Ended
December 31,

 Year Ended
December 31,
 
 
  2025   2024   2025   2024  
Subscription revenue 100.0%  100.0%  100.0%  100.0% 
Subscription cost of paying veterinary invoices 69.1%  70.0%  70.5%  72.5% 
Subscription variable expenses 8.7%  9.2%  8.9%  9.4% 
Subscription fixed expenses* 5.6%  5.5%  5.8%  5.4% 
Subscription adjusted operating income (non-GAAP) 16.5%  15.3%  14.7%  12.6% 
         
Other business revenue 100.0%  100.0%  100.0%  100.0% 
Other business cost of paying veterinary invoices 70.6%  78.0%  73.1%  75.7% 
Other business variable expenses 22.2%  15.8%  19.7%  17.5% 
Other business fixed expenses* 5.6%  5.5%  5.8%  5.4% 
Other business adjusted operating income (non-GAAP) 1.6%  0.8%  1.4%  1.4% 
         
Revenue 100.0%  100.0%  100.0%  100.0% 
Cost of paying veterinary invoices 69.6%  72.6%  71.3%  73.6% 
Variable expenses 12.8%  11.3%  12.3%  12.1% 
Fixed expenses* 5.6%  5.5%  5.8%  5.4% 
Total business adjusted operating income (non-GAAP) 11.9%  10.6%  10.6%  8.9% 
         
*Fixed expenses represent shared services that support both our subscription and other business segments and, as such, are generally allocated to each segment pro-rata based on revenues. 
  

Adjusted operating income is a non-GAAP financial measure that adjusts operating income (loss) to remove the effect of acquisition cost, development expenses, non-recurring transaction or restructuring expenses, and gain (loss) from investment in joint venture. Non-cash items, such as goodwill impairment charges, stock-based compensation expense and depreciation and amortization, are also excluded. Acquisition cost, development expenses, gain (loss) from investment in joint venture, stock-based compensation expense, and depreciation and amortization are expected to remain recurring expenses for the foreseeable future, but are excluded from this metric to measure scale in other areas of the business. Management believes acquisition costs primarily represent the cost to acquire new subscribers and are driven by the amount of growth we choose to pursue based primarily on the amount of our adjusted operating income period over period. Accordingly, this measure is not indicative of our core operating income performance. We also exclude development expenses, gain (loss) from investment in joint venture, stock-based compensation expense, and depreciation and amortization because some investors may not view those items as reflective of our core operating income performance.

Management uses adjusted operating income and the margin on adjusted operating income to understand the effects of scale in its non-acquisition cost and development expenses and to plan future advertising expenditures, which are designed to acquire new pets. Management uses this measure as a principal way of understanding the operating performance of its business exclusive of acquisition cost and new product exploration and development initiatives.  Management believes disclosure of this metric provides investors with the same data that the Company employs in assessing its overall operations and that disclosure of this measure may provide useful information regarding the efficiency of our utilization of revenues, return on advertising dollars in the form of new subscribers and future use of available cash to support the continued growth of our business.

The following tables reflect the reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA to net income (loss) (in thousands):
                
 Year Ended
December 31,
            
  2025   2024             
Net Income (loss)$19,433  $(9,633)            
Excluding:               
Stock-based compensation expense 37,466   31,942             
Depreciation and amortization expense 15,836   16,466             
Interest income (12,256)  (12,410)            
Interest expense 13,759   14,497             
Income tax (benefit) expense 2,561   (5)            
Goodwill impairment charges 1,129   5,299             
Loss from equity method investment    (33)            
Realized gain on nonmonetary exchange of preferred stock investment (7,783)               
Adjusted EBITDA$70,145  $46,123             
 Three Months Ended
 Dec. 31, 2025 Sep. 30, 2025 Jun. 30, 2025 Mar. 31, 2025 Dec. 31, 2024 Sep. 30, 2024 Jun. 30, 2024 Mar. 31, 2024
Net Income (loss)$5,630  $5,873  $9,413  $(1,483) $1,656  $1,425  $(5,862) $(6,852)
Excluding:               
Stock-based compensation expense 9,361   9,323   9,268   9,514   8,036   8,127   8,381   7,398 
Depreciation and amortization expense 4,032   4,051   3,962   3,791   3,924   4,381   4,376   3,785 
Interest income (3,115)  (3,201)  (3,105)  (2,835)  (2,999)  (3,232)  (3,135)  (3,045)
Interest expense 4,076   2,790   3,682   3,211   3,427   3,820   3,655   3,596 
Income tax (benefit) expense 663   726   1,133   39   38   39   (44)  (38)
Goodwill impairment charges 1,129            5,299          
Loss from equity method investment                (33)      
Realized gain on nonmonetary exchange of preferred stock investment       (7,783)               
Adjusted EBITDA$21,776  $19,562  $
16,570
  $12,237  $19,381  $14,527  $7,371  $4,844 
                                

Contacts:

Investors:
Laura Bainbridge, Senior Vice President, Corporate Communications
Gil Melchior, Director, Investor Relations
Investor.Relations@trupanion.com

A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/a6270400-98f1-4da0-bcee-83acff4f8020


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